Spiritual Healing Symbolism:
light = God = Jesus. Jesus is the incarnate God, the manifestion of light and all the associated positive attributes (Prince of Peace - King of all kings / wisdom / knowledge is only possible by God). Christmas story is hope in dark times (Judaism oppressed under Roman domination), Jesus as the hope of a new kingdom (kingdom of God) - Important>: Image of Jesus' birth (contrast light - Religion / dark - death, evil), the Christmas story (praise God, contrasted to worldly darkness). Passion: Jesus as incarnate God who died for the sins of the world and is resurrected. Salvation through Jesus' life in word and deed, one part -> message of God, Passion of the other -> promise of salvation God
Against: Nietzsche's madman
- Preach the extinction of the religious symbolism of healing, partly autobiographical. Nietzsche saw himself not as a traditional nihilist, but as an observer of his times, in the wake of the Enlightenment loses religion its meaning-and world-explanatory function, which have not yet realized the man, the madman is highly paradoxical, because he believes on the one hand to God, other hand, announced his death and describes him as extremely human, this inner turmoil and pain and guilt by the "murder of God," the great man finally lead to madness, while his contemporaries understand atheism can not.
Kafka Biography:
· ; Jewish ancestry, hate to love his authoritarian father
· Attempted professionally to fulfill the will of his father
· Considered work rather than bored and needed money to deserve better wrote
· several engagements, always by letter, long-term approaches and after the engagement had broken engagement rapid
· Mental isolation and self-doubt - Wanted to know that his best friend Max Brod after Kafka's death, his works burned, what this However, against his will, not literary fact
· changing literary activity, sometimes long-term "drought"
· subject in the process of justice is the injustice to which the individual is often delivered
· His parables often extremely paradoxical and evidence of his mental isolation and harsh self-criticism
His lyrics:
- Dom Part 1: very gloomy picture, the lights in the church do not give enough light, K. analyzed for clergy to clear the air. Linguistically fall paradoxes and negative connotations personifications of objects (organ, altar) on.
- goalkeeper parable Can religious than extinction of the healing symbolism, autobiography as a symbol of its crisis with Felice Bauer, psychologically internal rather than pointing imaginary barriers of a human or nihilistic as demonstrating the futility of existence / meaning in the search can be seen, all interpretations are not perfect and can not answer all the questions that are raised.
this example, two approaches to interpretation: is
considered autobiographical the entry i nthe law and the parabola overall, more vividly and symbolically.
The law in the real plane is a really is for all to see and zugehbare instance, the goalkeeper therefore not a legitimate officials but an adversary of the seekers and thus also of the law itself, he tries to keep seeking the law without doing something concrete rather than by his words - which is nothing more than empty words are not concrete, factually verifiable arguments show ("I am powerful / The sight of the third can not tolerate even me). This fear is for the reader - especially because of the designation of the searcher as a "man from the country", which evokes associations with a naive, gullible people - fast-importance as transparent and solves many of the apparent contradictions. The door is therefore open for example, because there really is no gatekeeper and no prohibition to pass it. The credulous man does not pass, because the intimidation of the doorkeeper he believed, without having obtained any real evidence of the consequences. Although the man from the countryside in search of the law, he tried to bribe the goalkeeper and looses his real goal in mind to recognize what it also is that it is time all other alleged keeper forgets and sees only the overcoming of the first as an obstacle. He does not recognize that is what prevents him not to force the goalkeeper or the other goalkeepers, but rather the self-confidence and the will to action as well as skepticism to challenge existing laws on their legitimacy. The goalkeeper parable there is a negative example of the actual trade to achieve a certain goal, thus showing indirectly to the reader what would have been correct - namely, to proceed despite the ban through the door.
This interpretation can be directly placed in the reference to Kafka's biography be and shows his self-criticism, but also the inconsistency and indecision of his actions. Consider this, the various themes and events in the real plane, referring to this then points to Kafka's life in the mirror plane.
is The Man from the land of Kafka is even, or at least a portion of his person, but was willing to do by law - in Kafka's case vividly for the love of Felice Bauer - search, but by the goalkeeper - to be stopped - in Kafka's case vividly for the self-doubts that plagued him. The law is therefore used by Kafka as a symbol for the absurdity of a "goalkeeper" , That his self-doubt or remorse to clarify because of the love relationship with Felice Bauer. In a way, the goalkeeper parabola is therefore a workup is his own emotional world and has helped him any in it, apparently he has the parable even written unconsciously autobiographical, because all the important first came up after he had read to Felice Bauer in the park. He now has the choice of either his self-doubt, which he feared Felice Bauer could push, push aside and enter into a strong, permanent bond with her, or hold out but like the man from the country on, you just write letters and ultimately not meet its targets.
religious interpretation approach
tried the illiterate but devout man from the countryside to come into law. Based on the materials can be seen that with the law of both the Torah and the life as a sheep in the flock of God, that salvation by God is meant, not the state law. It is Jesus who has lived as the son of God and Messiah the people the right action is the goal that after Jesus' own statement, by anyone who wants to get by this Act to be open. Only those want to come in other ways the law are the robbers and thieves. Thus, the goalkeeper is in the parable as only an imaginary barrier to people from the countryside, he could actually pass him, but excludes from the mere existence of the goalkeeper that he simply can not occur without further permission. In connection could be that the values of the Pharisees bring Jesus had preached against. Nevertheless, people also have to bring a contribution to enter into the kingdom of God. This happens in the parable is not that he does not come to the brilliance in goal that can be see as divine revelation.
Both interpretations can be supported by text documents, and both interpretations have different responses to emerging issues that are in some places more and in other places less convincing (see why the goalkeeper one hurdle, the splendor of the law at the end of life) so that text can be no inherent reason why one interpretation is better than the other. The religious interpretation approach seems to be less in harmony with the biography of Kafka, as he was not a particularly religious person - even though he was naturally influenced by his Jewish ancestry - and certainly not with the Christian symbolism and healing with Christian ideas of self-righteousness had to do. Therefore, the religious interpretation as a healing symbolism - in this form of Judaism is also not at all - rather unlikely.
IN DOM PART 2:
Particularly after the interpretation call is clear, however, that these approaches are short-sighted, and on the interpretation of the parable can be debated endlessly, the minister replied, for example, that the goalkeeper could be the self-deluded and that he met a servant of the law only his task: his statements are therefore not mandatory but true, but at least necessary to preserve order in the world. K. concludes that this is a sad fact, because a lie will be made to world order.
Overall, noted that the minister K. to be not a bit, could have raised even more questions as K. had at the beginning, as suggested, and graphics on the extinction of light at the end, not the religion give more in a position to give people a clear answer to their questions and has lost its guiding function.
Rail travelers:
Kafka compares life to a tunnel disaster, there is no return and the end of the tunnel is uncertain, but hears man does not look on it. While he is in the tunnel, he is made aware of hallucinations or confused by its high sensitivity to real danger, may differ not and does not even know really, is some of these sentiments, delighted and sometimes tired. The last sentence is difficult to interpret because it could have been a rhetorical question that will not be the same again denied , either Kafka illustrates the psychological isolation of the people, which is not at all aware of their situation and ask these questions not so, or because people know that every action is totally meaningless.
Overall, the helplessness and confusion of the people in the face of an opaque environment clearly has shown a picture which is already in Kafka's novel "The Trial".
Biblical found a reference to Jesus' statement "I am the Way, the Truth and the Life", Kafka speaks of an accident, the road has stalled and the rails are not visible at all anymore. Jesus as the light got too out of sight of the people disoriented and frightened people wander through life without a fixed point and stop. Religiously we reveal so once again the extinction of the religious symbolism of healing and religion as a guide.
Politically, it could be here, be the representation of the vulnerability of the public towards a dictatorial power structure that plays with the fear and longing of the people they can not really make up in the darkness of the tunnel. The train accident shows the hopelessness of the people they are at their emotions and helpless by their political leaders were headed to the train tracks and now abandoned.
could psychologically especially the feeling of helplessness and disorientation in a socially cold world are shown, and each goal post and imaginary - like the alleged light at the end of the tunnel, which is nothing more than a temporary phenomenon - loses the whim and wound so personal tragedies in strength and importance, so that the man eventually finds himself alone with his thoughts.
Kafka's texts differ from the traditional parables, because it actually involved in these teaching stories with very specific intent, in contrast, Kafka lacks the clear intention and morality of his texts, they appear rather paradoxical, and not resolvable, in an interpretation of his texts, it is always an unresolved paradox circle in which every interpretation can be one or the other aspect in mind. From the design and shape Kafka's parables are comparable to traditional (biblical) parabolas, a mirror and the real level is always present.
is always, however, the light-dark imagery of some of his texts, as in all other works of postmodernism. Many times, however, is with him being extinguished or the dying of the light, or at least the Rapture man the subject.
light dark imagery in Heym's poem: Find the people are ahead in the streets
Heym In very many paradoxes and a pictorial (neologism) language style that has adapted to the style of Expressionism. At that time there was a convergence of the arts, that were both literature and art of the same style with exactly the same characteristics dominates. In expressionism plays the representation of impressions, thoughts and feelings, the primary role of the shape and naturalistic Design must bow. In the poem, this is shown in unusual terms, paratactic series of major principles, paradoxes and Versübergreifende of sections and neologisms in the painting of contrasts and complementary colors, lines depending on the atmosphere restless or harmony, often only hints such as people or animals, sequence of symbols (stars, comets strike), a certain image dynamics, which usually reflects the inner emotions of the artist and often very blurred into one another continuous color and the absence of straight lines - this sloping horizon as
discuss the content of both the image and the poem apocalyptic conditions on, and there is the poem different groups of people, suicide - the masses, the desperate looks and no sense, is therefore actively kill Magi - try to interpret the signs but it's not a real problem, the survivors of the "Light of Tomorrow" are depressed and slowly die passively. Reasons for the Apocalypse could either be back in the extinction of the religious symbolism of salvation, as Heym them in line with Nietzsche also has propagated -> realization that religion can not help the people, or even considering the time Fear of a major conflict between the ambitious, social Darwinism dominated nations.
Wolfgang Borchert - the three dark kings
It is a kind of post-modern adaptation of the Christmas story, it is more real and more realistic, darker drawn and the horrors and miseries of war drawn. Yet nothing stands out in showing the destruction in the hope obviously the hope. In Borchert provides that it is only the child's face, which is enveloped by the glow, all other things - Moon, stars, pavement, wood - are almost exclusively negative connotations. The three soldiers are macabre counterparts of the three holy kings, not a bit pompous but drawn from the war and wounded. Nevertheless, they give the child some gifts, though they themselves do not have much and show so directed to the next generation of hope in the war currently suffering people who put their hopes in the children. The child is born in the midst of destruction, suffering and darkness, but is itself a sign of hope. In connection with Borchert's definition of the nihilists, whose job it can be put in the void a "yes" the story as corrected version of the Christmas story be considered, given the religiously naive believers Borchert a rejection and shows the cruel and sometimes dark reality, but does not paint a completely hopeless scenario. Rather, the "No" to the nihilists, pointing out the dark reality of a protest to change something active.
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